Двигатель Минского моторного завода (ММЗ) Д-243 – это четырехтактный дизель с вертикальным, рядным расположением цилиндров и впрыском топлива непосредственно в цилиндры. Базовая модель не имеет турбонаддува. Область применения дизелей — места с неограниченным воздухообменом. Дизели рассчитаны на эксплуатацию при температуре окружающего воздуха от плюс 40 С до минус 45 С.
Основное их назначение установка на сельскохозяйственные трактора класса 1,4-2,0 т/с. А так же другие машины промышленного, сельскохозяйственного, лесозаготовительного назначения. Широко применяется на экскаваторах, погрузчиках, компрессорных станциях и электрогенераторах.
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История появления двигателя неразрывно связана с легендарным трактором МТЗ-80/82, производство которого началось в 1974 году. Изначально на эти машины устанавливался двигатель Д-240. Позже его заменил более совершенный 243-й, который и по сей день является сердцем тракторов Минского завода. В настоящее время этот двигатель является самым массовым на территории бывшего СССР. Дизель стал базой для целого ряда модификаций отличающихся комплектацией и установленными агрегатами, а следовательно и эксплуатационными характеристиками.
Технические характеристики ММЗ Д-243
Основная (номинал.) мощность | 60 кВт |
Резервная (макс.) мощность | 66 кВт |
Тип двигателя | дизельный, 4-тактный |
Рабочий объём двигателя | 4,75 л |
Число, расположение цилиндров | 4, рядное |
Порядок работы цилиндров | 1-3-4-2 |
Диаметр цилиндра / ход поршня | 110 х 125 мм |
Степень сжатия | 16:1 |
Номинальная частота вращения | 2200 мин-1 |
Система управления двигателем | механическая, без поддержки CAN-шины |
Система впрыска топлива | прямой впрыск, ТНВД с механическим регулятором |
Вид наддува воздуха | без наддува (атмосферный) |
Система охлаждения | жидкостная |
Отбор мощности на вентилятор | 3,7 кВт |
Шаг приема нагрузки (step-load, G2), отн. основной мощности | 100 % |
Номинальное напряжение электрической системы | 24 В |
Удельный расход топлива
при 100% ном. мощности | 220 г/кВт*ч |
при 75% ном. мощности | 222 г/кВт*ч |
при 50% ном. мощности | 240 г/кВт*ч |
Расход масла на угар, при 100% мощности
— относительно расхода топлива | 0 % |
— удельный расход масла | 0,9 г/кВт*ч |
Заправочные емкости
Система смазки | 12 л |
Система охлаждения | 15 л |
Стандартный период замены масла | 250 моточасов |
Габариты (Д х Ш х В) | 994 х 676 х 1223 мм |
Масса (без масла и охл. жидкости) | 430 кг |
Ресурс до капитального ремонта | 8000 моточасов |
Модификации и их отличия
- Д-243 — обычная версия мощностью 81 л.с.
- Д-243Л — такой же, но с другим выпускным коллектором.
- Д-243.1 — мотор мощностью 83 л.с.
- Д-243.2 — версия для шахтных автомобилей мощностью 60 л.с.
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